Journal of Movement Disorders

Original Article

Clinical and Structural Characteristics of NEU1 Variants Causing Sialidosis Type 1: Yingji Li, Yang Liu, Rongfei Wang, Ran Ao, Feng Xiang, Xu Zhang, Xiangqing Wang, Shengyuan Yu; J Mov Disord. 2024;17(3):282-293. Published online April 11, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.23145

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Objective
Sialidosis type 2 has variants that are both catalytically inactive (severe), while sialidosis type 1 has at least one catalytically active (mild) variant. This study aimed to discuss the structural changes associated with these variants in a newly reported family carrying N-acetyl-α-neuraminidase-1 (NEU1) variants and explore the clinical characteristics of different combinations of variants in sialidosis type 1.
Methods
First, whole-exome sequencing and detailed clinical examinations were performed on the family. Second, structural analyses, including assessments of energy, flexibility and polar contacts, were conducted for several NEU1 variants, and a sialidase activity assay was performed. Third, previous NEU1 variants were systematically reviewed, and the clinical characteristics of patients in the severe-mild and mild-mild groups with sialidosis type 1 were analyzed.
Results
We report a novel family with sialidosis type 1 and the compound heterozygous variants S182G and V143E. The newly identified V143E variant was predicted to be a mild variant through structural analysis and was confirmed by a sialidase activity assay. Cherry-red spots were more prevalent in the severe-mild group, and ataxia was more common in the mild-mild group. Impaired cognition was found only in the severe-mild group. Moreover, patients with cherry-red spots and abnormal electroencephalographies and visual evoked potentials had a relatively early age of onset, whereas patients with myoclonus had a late onset.
Conclusion
Changes in flexibility and local polar contacts may be indicators of NEU1 pathogenicity. Sialidosis type 1 can be divided into two subgroups according to the variant combinations, and patients with these two subtypes have different clinical characteristics.

Case Report

Sialidosis Type I without a Cherry Red Spot— Is There a Genetic Basis?: Koti Neeraja, Vikram Venkappayya Holla, Shweta Prasad, Bharath Kumar Surisetti, Kempaiah Rakesh, Nitish Kamble, Ravi Yadav, Pramod Kumar Pal; J Mov Disord. 2021;14(1):65-69. Published online October 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.20083

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4 Web of Science
4 Crossref

Sialidosis is an inborn error of metabolism due to a defect in the NEU1 gene and manifests as two phenotypes: mild type I and severe type II. The cherry red spot (CRS) is a characteristic feature in both types of sialidosis; reports of sialidosis without a CRS are rare. We report two cases of genetically confirmed sialidosis type I with a typical presentation of progressive cortical myoclonus and ataxia but without the CRS. A previously reported homozygous pathogenic variant p.Arg294Cys was detected in the first case, and a novel homozygous pathogenic variant p.Arg305Pro was detected in the second case. Additionally, we reviewed the literature describing cases with similar mutations to find a genetic basis for the absence of a CRS. Milder mutation of both alleles detected in both patients may be the reason for the absence of a CRS.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Unique clinical and electrophysiological features in the peripheral nerve system in patients with sialidosis – a case series study
Sung-Ju Hsueh, Chin-Hsien Lin, Ni-Chung Lee, Tung-Ming Chang, Sung-Pin Fan, Wan-De Huang, Yea-Huey Lin, Li-Kai Tsai, Yin-Hsiu Chien, Ming-Jen Lee, Wuh-Liang Hwu, Hsueh Wen Hsueh, Chih-Chao Yang
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Wireless Networks.2023; 29(1): 247. CrossRef

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