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Brief communication
COVID-19 vaccine related movement disorders: a systematic review
Grace Elysse D. Angeles, Lowrence Precious C. Dichoso, Roland Dominic G. Jamora
Received January 2, 2024  Accepted March 18, 2024  Published online March 19, 2024  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.24001    [Accepted]
  • 498 View
  • 31 Download
  • 1 Comments
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Since the release of vaccines against COVID-19, there have been reports of vaccine-related neurologic complications. This study aimed to create a descriptive systematic review of movement disorders associated with COVID-19 vaccines.
Methods
We described the demographics, clinical presentation, management, outcomes, and proposed patho-mechanism. A systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. A standardized tool was used to assess the quality of the cases.
Results
We have identified 8 articles that met our inclusion criteria consisting of 10 patients who developed movement disorders after vaccination. The majority were males (n = 8), with a median age of 64.5 years. The most common movement disorder was hemichorea. The rest presented with generalized chorea with myoclonus, cervical dystonia, and akathisia. Most cases responded with immunotherapy. The standardized tool used showed that most studies have a low risk of bias.
Conclusion
The reported incidence of vaccine-related movement disorders was low in occurrence based on available published cases that were found.
Review Articles
Parkinson’s Disease and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review Article on the Association between SARS-CoV-2 and α-Synucleinopathy
Smriti Sinha, Swati Mittal, Rupali Roy
J Mov Disord. 2021;14(3):184-192.   Published online July 29, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.21046
  • 6,617 View
  • 217 Download
  • 12 Web of Science
  • 13 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
There is an extensive debate on the neurological consequences of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and its impact on Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, which seems to puzzle neurologists. Links between viral infections and PD have long been suspected and studied, but the exact relationship remains elusive. Since severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2) enters the brain through multiple routes and has a direct impact on the brain, cumulative damage occurs due to the activation of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. SARS-CoV-2 seems to aggravate PD due to its effects on α-synuclein, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dopamine depletion. A few studies have even highlighted the higher vulnerability of PD patients to COVID-19. The sudden dramatic change in lifestyle caused by the pandemic and the widespread lockdowns that were implemented have added to the hidden sorrows of PD patients, as they already have a compromised mechanism for coping with stress. This review summarizes insights from basic science and the clinical effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the human brain, with a specific focus on PD.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Assessment of the relationship between the dopaminergic pathway and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, with related neuropathological features, and potential therapeutic approaches in COVID‐19 infection
    Yousef Rasmi, Ameneh Shokati, Shima Hatamkhani, Yeganeh Farnamian, Roya Naderi, Ladan Jalali
    Reviews in Medical Virology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • SARS-CoV-2 Infection to Premature Neuronal Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Is there any Connection with Hypoxia?
    Narmadhaa Sivagurunathan, Latchoumycandane Calivarathan
    CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets.2024; 23(4): 431.     CrossRef
  • Deciphering the molecular pathways underlying dopaminergic neuronal damage in Parkinson's disease associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection
    Qiuhan Xu, Sisi Jiang, Ruiqing Kang, Yiling Wang, Baorong Zhang, Jun Tian
    Computers in Biology and Medicine.2024; 171: 108200.     CrossRef
  • Axial Improvement after Casirivimab/Imdevimab Treatment for COVID-19 in Parkinson’s Disease
    Valentina Fioravanti, Francesco Cavallieri, Alessio Di Fonzo, Giulia Toschi, Sara Grisanti, Gaetano Salomone, Mario Zappia, Franco Valzania
    Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques.2023; 50(5): 777.     CrossRef
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    Pei Huang, Lin-Yuan Zhang, Yu-Yan Tan, Sheng-Di Chen
    Translational Neurodegeneration.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Does the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain Hamper the Amyloid Transformation of Alpha-Synuclein after All?
    Yulia Stroylova, Anastasiia Konstantinova, Victor Stroylov, Ivan Katrukha, Fedor Rozov, Vladimir Muronetz
    Biomedicines.2023; 11(2): 498.     CrossRef
  • Sex and age affect acute and persisting COVID-19 illness
    Anna Vasilevskaya, Asma Mushtaque, Michelle Y. Tsang, Batoul Alwazan, Margaret Herridge, Angela M. Cheung, Maria Carmela Tartaglia
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Vulnerability of Parkinson’s Patients to COVID-19 and Its Consequences and Effects on Them: A Systematic Review
    Sorayya Rezayi, Meysam Rahmani Katigari, Leila Shahmoradi, Mehrbakhsh Nilashi, Hélio Teive
    Parkinson's Disease.2023; 2023: 1.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 and neurological sequelae: Vitamin D as a possible neuroprotective and/or neuroreparative agent
    Sebastián García Menéndez, Virna Margarita Martín Giménez, Michael F. Holick, Francisco J. Barrantes, Walter Manucha
    Life Sciences.2022; 297: 120464.     CrossRef
  • SARS-CoV-2 Proteins Interact with Alpha Synuclein and Induce Lewy Body-like Pathology In Vitro
    Zhengcun Wu, Xiuao Zhang, Zhangqiong Huang, Kaili Ma
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(6): 3394.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 and Parkinsonism: A Critical Appraisal
    Francesco Cavallieri, Valentina Fioravanti, Francesco Bove, Eleonora Del Prete, Sara Meoni, Sara Grisanti, Marialuisa Zedde, Rosario Pascarella, Elena Moro, Franco Valzania
    Biomolecules.2022; 12(7): 970.     CrossRef
  • SARS-CoV-2 mediated neurological disorders in COVID-19: Measuring the pathophysiology and immune response
    Pi-Ching Hsu, Md. Shahed-Al-Mahmud
    Life Sciences.2022; 308: 120981.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 і хвороба Паркінсона
    I.M. Karaban, T.V. Hasiuk, N.V. Karasevych
    INTERNATIONAL NEUROLOGICAL JOURNAL.2022; 18(3): 46.     CrossRef
Management of Parkinson’s Disease in the COVID-19 Pandemic and Future Perspectives in the Era of Vaccination
Yue Hui Lau, Keng Ming Lau, Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim
J Mov Disord. 2021;14(3):177-183.   Published online July 29, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.21034
  • 6,472 View
  • 156 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
  • 6 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2) has led to a serious global health crisis. Increasing evidence suggests that elderly individuals with underlying chronic diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), are particularly vulnerable to this infection. Changes in the routine care of PD patients should be implemented carefully without affecting the quality provided. The utilization of telemedicine for clinical consultation, assessment and rehabilitation has also been widely recommended. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide recommendations in the management of PD during the pandemic as well as in the early phase of vaccination programs to highlight the potential sequelae and future perspectives of vaccination and further research in PD. Even though a year has passed since COVID- 19 emerged, most of us are still facing great challenges in providing a continuum of care to patients with chronic neurological disorders. However, we should regard this health crisis as an opportunity to change our routine approach in managing PD patients and learn more about the impact of SARS-CoV-2. Hopefully, PD patients can be vaccinated promptly, and more detailed research related to PD in COVID-19 can still be carried out.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Increasing exercise with a mobile app in people with Parkinson’s disease: a pilot study
    Jong Hyeon Ahn, Dongrul Shin, Dongyeong Lee, Hye Young Kim, Jinyoung Youn, Jin Whan Cho, Suzanne Kuys
    Brain Impairment.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Chao Han, Zhen Zhen Zhao, Piu Chan, Fang Li, Chun Ling Chi, Xin Zhang, Yan Zhao, Jing Chen, Jing Hong Ma
    Vaccine.2023; 41(43): 6483.     CrossRef
  • Role of SARS-CoV-2 in Modifying Neurodegenerative Processes in Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review
    Jeremy M. Morowitz, Kaylyn B. Pogson, Daniel A. Roque, Frank C. Church
    Brain Sciences.2022; 12(5): 536.     CrossRef
  • Deep Learning Paradigm for Cardiovascular Disease/Stroke Risk Stratification in Parkinson’s Disease Affected by COVID-19: A Narrative Review
    Jasjit S. Suri, Mahesh A. Maindarkar, Sudip Paul, Puneet Ahluwalia, Mrinalini Bhagawati, Luca Saba, Gavino Faa, Sanjay Saxena, Inder M. Singh, Paramjit S. Chadha, Monika Turk, Amer Johri, Narendra N. Khanna, Klaudija Viskovic, Sofia Mavrogeni, John R. Lai
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    Sabrina Poonja, K. Ray Chaudhuri, Janis M. Miyasaki
    Current Opinion in Neurology.2022; 35(4): 494.     CrossRef
  • Viruses, parkinsonism and Parkinson’s disease: the past, present and future
    Valentina Leta, Daniele Urso, Lucia Batzu, Yue Hui Lau, Donna Mathew, Iro Boura, Vanessa Raeder, Cristian Falup-Pecurariu, Daniel van Wamelen, K. Ray Chaudhuri
    Journal of Neural Transmission.2022; 129(9): 1119.     CrossRef
Case Report
Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome Associated with COVID-19
Kuldeep Shetty, Atul Manchakrao Jadhav, Ranjith Jayanthakumar, Seema Jamwal, Tejaswini Shanubhogue, Mallepalli Prabhakar Reddy, Gopal Krishna Dash, Radhika Manohar, Vivek Jacob Philip, Vikram Huded
J Mov Disord. 2021;14(2):153-156.   Published online April 6, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.20106
  • 7,506 View
  • 188 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
  • 8 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Neurological manifestations of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have increasingly been reported since the onset of the pandemic. Herein, we report a relatively new presentation. A patient in the convalescence period following a febrile illness with lower respiratory tract infection (fever, myalgia, nonproductive cough) presented with generalized disabling myoclonus, which is phenotypically suggestive of brainstem origin, along with additional truncal cerebellar ataxia. His neurology work-ups, such as brain MRI, electroencephalography, serum autoimmune and paraneoplastic antibody testing, were normal. His CT chest scan revealed right lower lung infiltrates, and serological and other laboratory testing did not show evidence of active infection. COVID-19 titers turned out to be strongly positive, suggestive of post-COVID-19 lung sequelae. He responded partially to antimyoclonic drugs and fully to a course of steroids, suggesting a para- or postinfectious immune-mediated pathophysiology. Myoclonusataxia syndrome appears to be a neurological manifestation of COVID-19 infection, and knowledge regarding this phenomenon should be increased among clinicians for better patient care in a pandemic situation.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Opsoclonus Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome Due to SARS-CoV-2
    Josef Finsterer, Fulvio A. Scorza
    Neuro-Ophthalmology.2023; 47(1): 1.     CrossRef
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    Isa Lindqvist, Janet L. Cunningham, Jan Mulder, Amalia Feresiadou, Elham Rostami, Johan Virhammar, Eva Kumlien
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    Kenta Osawa, Atsuhiko Sugiyama, Akiyuki Uzawa, Shigeki Hirano, Tatsuya Yamamoto, Masahiko Nezu, Nobuyuki Araki, Hiroki Kano, Satoshi Kuwabara
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    Sidhartha Chattopadhyay, Judhajit Sengupta, Sagar Basu
    Clinical and Experimental Neuroimmunology.2022; 13(4): 323.     CrossRef
  • Persistent neurological manifestations in long COVID-19 syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Rizaldy Taslim Pinzon, Vincent Ongko Wijaya, Abraham Al Jody, Patrick Nalla Nunsio, Ranbebasa Bijak Buana
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    Guglielmo Lucchese, Antje Vogelgesang, Fabian Boesl, Dina Raafat, Silva Holtfreter, Barbara M. Bröker, Angela Stufano, Robert Fleischmann, Harald Prüss, Christiana Franke, Agnes Flöel
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  • Post–COVID‐19 Myoclonus–Ataxia Syndrome Responsive to Intravenous Immunoglobulins
    Massimiliano Godani, Alessandro Beronio, Giuseppe Lanza
    Movement Disorders Clinical Practice.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Ahmed Serkan Emekli, Asuman Parlak, Nejla Yılmaz Göcen, Murat Kürtüncü
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Original Article
Telemedicine in an Academic Movement Disorders Center during COVID-19
Christine Doss Esper, Laura Scorr, Sosi Papazian, Daniel Bartholomew, Gregory Jacob Esper, Stewart Alan Factor
J Mov Disord. 2021;14(2):119-125.   Published online March 18, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.20099
  • 6,379 View
  • 146 Download
  • 13 Web of Science
  • 14 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objective
Telemedicine has rapidly gained momentum in movement disorder neurology during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic to preserve clinical care while mitigating the risks of in-person visits. We present data from the rapid implementation of virtual visits in a large, academic, movement disorder practice during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
We describe the strategic shift to virtual visits and retrospectively examine elements that impacted the ability to switch to telemedicine visits using historical prepandemic in-person data as a comparator, including demographics, distance driven, and diagnosis distribution, with an additional focus on patients with deep brain stimulators.
Results
A total of 686 telemedicine visits were performed over a five-week period (60% of those previously scheduled for in-office visits). The average age of participants was 65 years, 45% were female, and 73% were Caucasian. Men were more likely to make the transition (p = 0.02). Telemedicine patients lived farther from the clinic than those seen in person (66.47 km vs. 42.16 km, p < 0.001), age was not associated with making the switch, and patient satisfaction did not change. There was a significant shift in the distribution of movement disorder diagnoses seen by telemedicine compared to prepandemic in-person visits (p < 0.001). Patients with deep brain stimulators were more likely to use telemedicine (11.5% vs. 7%, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Telemedicine is feasible, viable and relevant in the care of movement disorder patients, although health care disparities appear evident for women and minorities. Patients with deep brain stimulators preferred telemedicine in our study. Further study is warranted to explore these findings.

Citations

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  • The Importance of Digital Health Literacy in an Evolving Parkinson’s Disease Care System
    Christine D. Esper, Blanca Y. Valdovinos, Ruth B. Schneider
    Journal of Parkinson's Disease.2024; : 1.     CrossRef
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    Andreas Wolfgang Wolff, Bernhard Haller, Antonia Franziska Demleitner, Dominik Pürner, Johanna Niederschweiberer, Isabell Cordts, Erica Westenberg, Paul Lingor
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    Michael Frassica, Drew S. Kern, Mitra Afshari, Allison T. Connolly, Chengyuan Wu, Nathan Rowland, Juan Ramirez-Castaneda, Mwiza Ushe, Claudia Salazar, Xenos Mason
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    Emily Houston, Amanda G. Kennedy, Donna O'Malley, Terry Rabinowitz, Gail L. Rose, James Boyd
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    Tagore Nakornchai, Elena Conci, Anke Hensiek, J William L Brown
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    B. Y. Valdovinos, J. S. Modica, R. B. Schneider
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  • Movement Disorder Specialists Survey Regarding Use of Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic
    Shadi Ghourchian, Yasar A. Torres-Yaghi, Stuart H. Isaacson, Fernando Pagan, Kelly E. Lyons, Brian James Nagle, Sanskruti Patel, Rajesh Pahwa
    Telemedicine and e-Health.2022; 28(11): 1651.     CrossRef
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    Yaqian Xu, Megan P. Feeney, Matthew Surface, Dan Novak, Michelle S. Troche, James C. Beck, Roy N. Alcalay
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    Esther Cubo, Pedro David Delgado-López
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Case Report
Involuntary Movements Following Administration of Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 Pneumonia
Emmaline Zantua Fernando, Jeryl Ritzi Tan Yu, Salvador Miclat Abad Santos, Roland Dominic Go Jamora
J Mov Disord. 2021;14(1):75-77.   Published online December 7, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.20091
  • 5,329 View
  • 122 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been used as an investigational drug for patients with moderate to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There have been concerns of potential harms from side effects of the drug. We present a case of a 38-year-old male who was started on HCQ for COVID-19 pneumonia. He was referred for evaluation of myoclonus of all extremities, which resolved after discontinuation of HCQ. The involuntary movements were first reported after the initiation of HCQ, persisted despite improvement in inflammatory and radiologic parameters and eventually resolved after HCQ discontinuation. This supports a possible causality related to adverse drug reactions from HCQ that have not been commonly reported.

Citations

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  • Safety profile of COVID-19 drugs in a real clinical setting
    Mei Nee Chiu, Maitry Bhardwaj, Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
    European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.2022; 78(5): 733.     CrossRef
  • Eventos adversos no sistema nervoso central potencialmente relacionados aos medicamentos utilizados na COVID-19: revisão de escopo
    Vinícius de Mello, Vinícius de Paula Pereira, João Paulo Vilela Rodrigues, Suelem Tavares da Silva Penteado, Leonardo Régis Leira Pereira, Fabiana Rossi Varallo
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Brief communication
Deep Brain Stimulation Battery Exhaustion during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Crisis within a Crisis
Vikram Venkappayya Holla, Koti Neeraja, Bharath Kumar Surisetti, Shweta Prasad, Nitish Kamble, Dwarakanath Srinivas, Ravi Yadav, Pramod Kumar Pal
J Mov Disord. 2020;13(3):218-222.   Published online August 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.20073
  • 8,060 View
  • 116 Download
  • 16 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objective
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and public health measures to control it have resulted in unique challenges in the management of patients with deep brain stimulation (DBS). We report our experience with the management of acute worsening of symptoms due to battery exhaustion in 3 patients with DBS.
Methods
Patients with DBS for movement disorders who visited the emergency room due to battery exhaustion during the nationwide lockdown from April to May 2020 were included.
Results
Two patients with subthalamic nucleus-DBS for Parkinson’s disease (PD) and one with globus pallidus interna-DBS for generalized dystonia presented with acute worsening of symptoms due to battery exhaustion. Urgent battery replacement was performed in both patients with PD. The patient with generalized dystonia was managed with medication adjustment as he chose to defer battery replacement.
Conclusion
DBS battery replacement can be an emergency. Decisions regarding DBS battery replacement should be individualized during this COVID-19 pandemic.

Citations

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  • Effects of COVID-19 on Synaptic and Neuronal Degeneration
    Mohammed S. Alqahtani, Mohamed Abbas, Mohammad Y. Alshahrani, Khulud Alabdullh, Amjad Alqarni, Fawaz F. Alqahtani, Layal K. Jambi, Adnan Alkhayat
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Review Article
COVID-19: An Early Review of Its Global Impact and Considerations for Parkinson’s Disease Patient Care
Roongroj Bhidayasiri, Sasivimol Virameteekul, Jong-Min Kim, Pramod Kr. Pal, Sun-Ju Chung
J Mov Disord. 2020;13(2):105-114.   Published online April 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.20042
  • 20,653 View
  • 760 Download
  • 59 Web of Science
  • 55 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
While many infectious disorders are unknown to most neurologists, COVID-19 is very different. It has impacted neurologists and other health care workers, not only in our professional lives but also through the fear and panic within our own families, colleagues, patients and their families, and even in the wider public. COVID-19 affects all sorts of individuals, but the elderly with underlying chronic conditions are particularly at risk of severe disease, or even death. Parkinson’s disease (PD) shares a common profile as an age-dependent degenerative disorder, frequently associated with comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular diseases, so PD patients will almost certainly fall into the high-risk group. Therefore, the aim of this review is to explore the risk of COVID-19 in PD based on the susceptibility to severe disease, its impact on PD disease severity, potential long-term sequelae, and difficulties of PD management during this outbreak, where neurologists face various challenges on how we can maintain effective care for PD patients without exposing them, or ourselves, to the risk of infection. It is less than six months since the identification of the original COVID-19 case on New Year’s Eve 2019, so it is still too early to fully understand the natural history of COVID-19 and the evidence on COVID-19-related PD is scant. Though the possibilities presented are speculative, they are theory-based, and supported by prior evidence from other neurotrophic viruses closely related to SARS-CoV-2. Neurologists should be on high alert and vigilant for potential acute and chronic complications when encountering PD patients who are suspected of having COVID-19.

Citations

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  • Covid-19 in Parkinson's Disease treated by drugs or brain stimulation
    M. Salari, M. Etemadifar, A. Zali, Z. Aminzade, I. Navalpotro-Gomez, S. Tehrani Fateh
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    A.M. Fernández-Elgueta, H.F. Retamal-Matus, C. Núñez-Espinosa, P. Barria Aburto
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    Michela GOFFREDO, Francesca BAGLIO, Roberto DE ICCO, Stefania PROIETTI, Giorgio MAGGIONI, Andrea TUROLLA, Sanaz POURNAJAF, Johanna JONSDOTTIR, Federica ZENI, Sara FEDERICO, Luisa CACCIANTE, Matteo CIOETA, Cristina TASSORELLI, Marco FRANCESCHINI, Rocco S.
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  • Covid-19 in Parkinson's Disease treated by drugs or brain stimulation
    M. Salari, M. Etemadifar, A. Zali, Z. Aminzade, I. Navalpotro-Gomez, S. Tehrani Fateh
    Neurología (English Edition).2024; 39(3): 254.     CrossRef
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JMD : Journal of Movement Disorders