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Review Article
A Brief History of NBIA Gene Discovery
Susan J. Hayflick
J Mov Disord. 2023;16(2):133-137.   Published online April 26, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.23014
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  • 5 Web of Science
  • 6 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Neurodegenerative disorders associated with high basal ganglia iron are known by the overarching term of ‘NBIA’ disorders or ‘neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation’. Discovery of their individual genetic bases was greatly enabled by the collection of DNA and clinical data in just a few centers. With each discovery, the remaining idiopathic disorders could be further stratified by common clinical, radiographic or pathological features to enable the next hunt. This iterative process, along with strong and open collaborations, enabled the discoveries of PANK2, PLA2G6, C19orf12, FA2H, WDR45, and COASY gene mutations as underlying PKAN, PLAN, MPAN, FAHN, BPAN, and CoPAN, respectively. The era of Mendelian disease gene discovery is largely behind us, but the history of these discoveries for the NBIA disorders has not yet been told. A brief history is offered here.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Metabolic impairments in neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation
    Agata Wydrych, Barbara Pakuła, Justyna Janikiewicz, Aneta M. Dobosz, Patrycja Jakubek-Olszewska, Marta Skowrońska, Iwona Kurkowska-Jastrzębska, Maciej Cwyl, Mariola Popielarz, Paolo Pinton, Barbara Zavan, Agnieszka Dobrzyń, Magdalena Lebiedzińska-Arciszew
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics.2025; 1866(1): 149517.     CrossRef
  • Iron metabolism and ferroptosis in health and diseases: The crucial role of mitochondria in metabolically active tissues
    Angela Catapano, Fabiano Cimmino, Lidia Petrella, Amelia Pizzella, Margherita D'Angelo, Katia Ambrosio, Francesca Marino, Annarita Sabbatini, Massimiliano Petrelli, Barbara Paolini, Lucio Lucchin, Gina Cavaliere, Luigia Cristino, Marianna Crispino, Giovan
    The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry.2025; 140: 109888.     CrossRef
  • Fibroblasts and hiPS‐Derived Astrocytes From CoPAN Patients Showed Different Levels of Iron Overload Correlated With Senescent Phenotype
    Anna Cozzi, Paolo Santambrogio, Andrea Stefano Moro, Alessio Pelagatti, Alicia Rubio, Chiara Balestrucci, Ivano Di Meo, Valeria Tiranti, Sonia Levi
    Glia.2025; 73(7): 1467.     CrossRef
  • Mitochondrial iron deficiency triggers cytosolic iron overload in PKAN hiPS-derived astrocytes
    Paolo Santambrogio, Anna Cozzi, Chiara Balestrucci, Maddalena Ripamonti, Valeria Berno, Eugenia Cammarota, Andrea Stefano Moro, Sonia Levi
    Cell Death & Disease.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Iron Dyshomeostasis in Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA): Is It the Cause or the Effect?
    Francesco Agostini, Bibiana Sgalletta, Marco Bisaglia
    Cells.2024; 13(16): 1376.     CrossRef
  • COASY Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration: Report from India
    Rohan R. Mahale, Raviprakash Singh, Pavankumar Katragadda, Hansashree Padmanabha
    Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology.2023; 26(5): 834.     CrossRef

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