Journal of Movement Disorders

Original Articles

Taltirelin Hydrate in Patients with Ataxia Due to Spinocerebellar Degeneration: Jin Whan Cho, Jee-Young Lee, Han-Joon Kim, Joong-Seok Kim, Kun-Woo Park, Seong-Min Choi, Chul Hyoung Lyoo, Seong-Beom Koh; Received May 28, 2024 Accepted October 18, 2024 Published online October 21, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.24127 [Accepted]

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Abstract PDF: Objective
We conducted this study to assess the efficacy and safety of taltirelin hydrate (TH) in spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD).
Methods
Patients were randomly assigned to either the taltirelin group (5 mg orally, twice daily) or the control group. The primary endpoint was changes in the Korean version of Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (K-SARA) scores at 24 weeks. The secondary endpoints include changes in the K-SARA scores at 4 and 12 weeks, the Clinical Global Impression, Five-level version of the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire, Tinetti balance test and gait analysis at 4, 12 and 24 weeks.
Results
A total of 149 patients (hereditary:non-hereditary = 86:63) were enrolled. There were significant differences in changes in K-SARA scores at 24 weeks from baseline between the taltirelin group and the control group (-0.51 ± 2.79 versus 0.36 ± 2.62, respectively; p = 0.0321). Of the K-SARA items, both ‘Stance’ and ‘Speech disturbance’ had significantly lower subscores in the taltirelin group as compared with the control group (-0.04 ± 0.89 versus 0.23 ± 0.79 and -0.07 ± 0.74 versus 0.18 ± 0.67; p = 0.0270 and 0.0130, respectively). But there were no significant differences in changes in other secondary efficacy outcome measures at 24 weeks from baseline between the two treatment arms (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Clinicians might consider using TH in the treatment of ataxia due to SCD.

Patients and Their Caregivers’ Burdens for Parkinson’s Disease in Korea: Jong Sam Baik, Joong-Seok Kim, Seong-Beom Koh, Jin Whan Cho, Phil Hyu Lee, Hyeo-Il Ma, Yun Joong Kim, Tae-Beom Ahn, Sang Jin Kim, Yong Duk Kim, Seong-min Choi, Ho-Won Lee, Hee Tae Kim; J Mov Disord. 2017;10(3):109-115. Published online September 22, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.17053

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Objective
Many patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) suffer from motor and non-motor symptoms. According to these variable symptoms of PD, patients or caregivers have a poorer quality of life than patients with other neurodegenerative diseases. Since the difficulties are varied for all patients, prioritizing their difficulties differs among all cases. The goal of this study was to investigate the burdens of PD among the caregivers as well as patients and to identify areas requiring aid from the government.
Methods
We surveyed the awareness and perceptions of PD in patients and caregivers of PD by a face-to-face questionnaire. The questionnaire was divided into three sections: symptoms of PD (part A), desire for policies (part B), and difficulties faced by their caregivers (part C). Part A comprised 8 questions, Part B had 2 questions, and Part C had 3 questions.
Results
In total, 853 subjects (702 patients and 151 caregivers) were enrolled in this study. The major difficulties experienced by PD patients were physical (67%), psychiatric (60%) and socio-economic (52%). Assessing the physical difficulties, more than half the patients experienced severe difficulties (29% very severe, 39% severe). Psychiatric difficulties were assessed as severe (35%) and very severe (21%) among the patients. Severe difficulties were also experienced socio-economically, at 52% in patients and 49% in caregivers, especially among patients in their fifties (58%) and those with their spouse (65%) as caregivers. The topmost need was the introduction of new technology for treatment of PD (62%), followed by relief of costs for treatment (38%) and a family support system (31%). The majority (91%) of the patients were diagnosed with PD within two years after onset of symptoms.
Conclusion
We know that the difficulties of PD and the needs for government assistance are different between patients and caregivers. These results emphasize that perceiving the difficulties and needs of patients and caregivers early can help to prevent and ameliorate the burden of disease.

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Review Article

Movement Disorders Following Cerebrovascular Lesions in Cerebellar Circuits: Seong-Min Choi; J Mov Disord. 2016;9(2):80-88. Published online May 25, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.16004

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Abstract PDF

Cerebellar circuitry is important to controlling and modifying motor activity. It conducts the coordination and correction of errors in muscle contractions during active movements. Therefore, cerebrovascular lesions of the cerebellum or its pathways can cause diverse movement disorders, such as action tremor, Holmes’ tremor, palatal tremor, asterixis, and dystonia. The pathophysiology of abnormal movements after stroke remains poorly understood. However, due to the current advances in functional neuroimaging, it has recently been described as changes in functional brain networks. This review describes the clinical features and pathophysiological mechanisms in different types of movement disorders following cerebrovascular lesions in the cerebellar circuits.

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Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Meningioma‑associated parkinsonism related to basal ganglia and cerebellar motor circuits: A case report and literature review
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Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Unveiling Benedikt’s syndrome: A rare midbrain stroke presenting with oculomotor nerve palsy
Arumugam Balraj, Sunil Kumar
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology - Case Reports.2024; 4(4): 908. CrossRef
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NeuroImage.2023; 269: 119928. CrossRef
Deep Brain Stimulation for Holmes Tremors and Literature Review
Kunkala Lavanya, P. Vijaya Shankar, K. Visvanathan, S. Sundar, P. Philohazeena
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Case Reports

Oromandibular Dyskinesia as the Initial Manifestation of Late-Onset Huntington Disease: Dong-Seok Oh, Eun-Seon Park, Seong-Min Choi, Byeong-Chae Kim, Myeong-Kyu Kim, Ki-Hyun Cho; J Mov Disord. 2011;4(2):75-77.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.11016

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71 Download
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Abstract PDF

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a triad of choreoathetosis, dementia and dominant inheritance. The cause of HD is an expansion of CAG trinucleotide repeats in the HD gene. Typical age at onset of symptoms is in the 40s, but the disorder can manifest at any time. Late-onset (≥ 60 years) HD is clinically different from other adult or juvenile onset HD and characterized by mild motor problem as the initial symptoms, shorter disease duration, frequent lack of family history, and relatively low CAG repeats expansion. We report a case of an 80-year-old female with oromandibular dyskinesia as an initial manifestation of HD and 40 CAG repeats.

Citations

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The oral manifestations of Huntington's disease: A systematic review of prevalence
Luciana Munhoz, Ashjan Qasim Jabbar, William José e Silva Filho, Aline Yukari Nagai, Emiko Saito Arita
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Hemidystonia as an Initial Manifestation of Leptomeningeal Metastasis: Hyun-Jung Jung, Seong-Min Choi, Byeong-Chae Kim; J Mov Disord. 2009;2(2):82-85.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.09022

18,740 View
80 Download
2 Crossref

Abstract PDF

A 76-year-old woman gradually developed action dystonia of the left hand and foot. Leptomeningeal metastasis of the right fronto-parietal area associated with gastric adenocarcinoma was found on the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies. We discuss the mechanisms involved in the development of secondary hemidystonia and review dystonia associated with cortical lesions.

Citations

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Meningeal Dissemination and Drop Metastasis From Glioma Presenting With Non-Epileptic Myoclonus and Minipolymyoclonus
Arens Taga, Ian Cheong, Kemar E. Green, Michael D. Kornberg
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A Case of Familial Cortical Myoclonic Tremor With Epilepsy: Kang-Ho Choi, Tai-Seung Nam, Seong-Min Choi; J Mov Disord. 2008;1(2):93-96.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.08018

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Abstract PDF: Familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE) is a rare disorder characterized by irregular postural tremor of the limbs, family history of seizures, autosomal dominant inheritance, and a rather benign course. A 23 year-old man who had a history of seizure attack since age 16 showed postural and kinetic tremor and mental retardation (MR). His older sister as well as his mother had similar clinical feature. We report the first case of FCMTE in Korea.

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