Journal of Movement Disorders

Olfactory and Gustatory Function in Early-Stage Parkinson’s Disease: Implications for Cognitive Association: Jeongjae Lee, Young Eun Kim, Joong Seob Lee, Suk Yun Kang, Min Seung Kim, In Hee Kwak, Jaeseol Park, Jung Yeon Nam, Hyeo-il Ma; J Mov Disord. 2024;17(4):450-452. Published online June 27, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.23243

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Fatigue in Parkinson’s Disease Is Due to Decreased Efficiency of the Frontal Network: Quantitative EEG Analysis: Min Seung Kim, Sanguk Park, Ukeob Park, Seung Wan Kang, Suk Yun Kang; J Mov Disord. 2024;17(3):304-312. Published online June 10, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.24038

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Objective
Fatigue is a common, debilitating nonmotor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but its mechanism is poorly understood. We aimed to determine whether electroencephalography (EEG) could objectively measure fatigue and to explore the pathophysiology of fatigue in PD.
Methods
We studied 32 de novo PD patients who underwent EEG. We compared brain activity between 19 PD patients without fatigue and 13 PD patients with fatigue via EEG power spectra and graphs, including the global efficiency, characteristic path length, clustering coefficient, small-worldness, local efficiency, degree centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality.
Results
No significant differences in absolute or relative power were detected between PD patients without or with fatigue (all p > 0.02, Bonferroni-corrected). According to our network analysis, brain network efficiency differed by frequency band. Generally, the brain network in the frontal area for theta and delta bands showed greater efficiency, and in the temporal area, the alpha1 band was less efficient in PD patients without fatigue (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0011, and p = 0.0007, respectively, Bonferroni-corrected).
Conclusion
Our study suggests that PD patients with fatigue have less efficient networks in the frontal area than PD patients without fatigue. These findings may explain why fatigue is common in PD, a frontostriatal disorder. Increased efficiency in the temporal area in PD patients with fatigue is assumed to be compensatory. Brain network analysis using graph theory is more valuable than power spectrum analysis in revealing the brain mechanism related to fatigue.

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Behavioral disorders in Parkinson disease: current view
Kurt A. Jellinger
Journal of Neural Transmission.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Comparative Olfactory Profiles in Parkinson’s Disease and Drug-Induced Parkinsonism: In Hee Kwak, Young Eun Kim, Suk Yun Kang, Joong Seob Lee, Jeongjae Lee, Min Seung Kim, Dong A Yea, Hyeo-il Ma; J Mov Disord. 2024;17(1):64-70. Published online October 6, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.23105

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Objective
Drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) is a frequently encountered diagnostic possibility when considering Parkinson’s disease (PD). While olfactory dysfunction is a common clinical feature in PD, the comparison of olfactory function between the two conditions remains insufficient. This study aimed to compare olfactory function, including threshold, discrimination, and identification (TDI) profiles, between PD and DIP.
Methods
Consecutive patients with drug-naïve PD (n = 78) or DIP (n = 31) confirmed through dopamine transporter imaging were enrolled in this study. The YSK olfactory function (YOF) test, composed of TDI domains culturally familiar odorants to Koreans, was administered to all patients.
Results
In the study population, patients with DIP were significantly older than patients with PD. Over 70% of patients in each group had hyposmia or anosmia, and there was no significant difference in the occurrence of olfactory dysfunction between the two groups. In addition, there were no differences in the total YOF score and threshold score between the two groups. Meanwhile, the PD group had a significantly lower discrimination and identification score than the DIP group after adjusting for age, sex, the existence of diabetes, disease duration, and cognitive function.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated that detailed olfactory profiles are different in PD and DIP, even though olfactory dysfunction can be observed in both conditions.

Blacksmith’s Dystonia Is Another Task-Specific Dystonia: From Past to Present: Min Seung Kim, Don Gueu Park, Jung Han Yoon; J Mov Disord. 2022;15(3):284-285. Published online July 26, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.22037

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Function and dysfunction of the dystonia network: an exploration of neural circuits that underlie the acquired and isolated dystonias
Jason S. Gill, Megan X. Nguyen, Mariam Hull, Meike E. van der Heijden, Ken Nguyen, Sruthi P. Thomas, Roy V. Sillitoe
Dystonia.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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