Journal of Movement Disorders

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Modified Ratio of Tremor/Postural Instability Gait Difficulty Score as an Indicator of Short-Term Outcomes of Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease: Chakradhar Reddy, Kanchana Pillai, Shejoy Joshua, Anup Nair, Harshad Chavotiya, Manas Chacko, Asha Kishore; J Mov Disord. 2025;18(2):165-169. Published online January 2, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.24175

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Objective
The outcomes of motor and nonmotor features of Parkinson’s disease (PD) following deep brain stimulation (DBS) vary among its subtypes. We tested whether preoperative motor subtyping using the modified tremor/postural instability and gait difficulty ratio (T/P ratio) could indicate the short-term motor, nonmotor and quality of life (QOL) outcomes of subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS.
Methods
In this prospective study, 39 consecutive STN DBS patients were assessed in the drug-OFF state before surgery and subtyped according to the T/P ratio. Patients were reassessed 6 months after surgery in the stimulation ON-drug-OFF state, and the percentage changes in motor, nonmotor and QOL scores (Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire [PDQ-39]) were calculated.
Results
The modified T/P ratio was moderately and positively correlated with the percentage change in the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale III score in the OFF state, the sum of cardinal motor signs, the Non-Motor Symptom Scale score, and QOL (PDQ-39).
Conclusion
Preoperative PD motor subtyping can be used as an indicator of the short-term outcomes of STN DBS in PD patients.

Original Articles

Video-Oculography for Enhancing the Diagnostic Accuracy of Early Oculomotor Dysfunction in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: Harshad Chovatiya, Kanchana Pillai, Chakradhar Reddy, Amiya Thalakkattu, Ayana Avarachan, Manas Chacko, Asha Kishore; J Mov Disord. 2025;18(1):77-86. Published online December 9, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.24171

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Objective
Oculomotor impairment is an important diagnostic feature of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and PSP subtypes. We assessed the role of video-oculography (VOG) in confirming clinically suspected slow saccades in PSP and differentiating PSP from Parkinson’s disease (PD). We also measured the correlation of both saccadic velocity and latency in PSP patients with scores on the PSP Rating Scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and frontal assessment battery. We assessed the frequency of apraxia of eyelid opening (ALO) and reflex blepharospasm in PSP and PD patients.
Methods
A total of 112 PSP patients with slow saccades but not gaze palsy, 50 PD patients, and 50 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. The Movement Disorders Society task force-PSP and PD criteria were used for the diagnoses. All the subjects underwent VOG.
Results
Horizontal and vertical saccadic velocities and latencies differentiated PSP patients from PD patients and HCs (p<0.001). Vertical saccadic velocity and latency accurately differentiated PSP with predominant parkinsonism (PSP-P) patients from PD patients (p<0.001 and 0.012, respectively). A couple of vertical and horizontal saccadic velocities differentiated PSP-Richardson’s syndrome (PSP-RS) patients from PSP-P patients (vertical velocity of left eye: p=0.024; horizontal velocity of right eye: p=0.030). In vertical gaze, the mean velocity cutoff showed good sensitivity and specificity in differentiating PSP patients from HCs and PD patients. Prolonged horizontal gaze latency was associated with more severe PSP and worse global cognitive and frontal dysfunction. ALO and reflex blepharospasm were observed only in PSP patients.
Conclusion
VOG is useful for confirming slow saccades in PSP-RS and PSP-P patients and for differentiating PSP-P patients from PD patients. Prolonged horizontal gaze latency was associated with more severe PSP and worse cognitive dysfunction. ALO and reflex blepharospasm were observed only in PSP patients.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Eye movement abnormalities in normal pressure hydrocephalus: a video-oculographic study
Alessio Facchin, Jolanda Buonocore, Giulia Sgrò, Alessia Cristofaro, Marianna Crasà, Chiara Camastra, Maria Grazia Vaccaro, Aldo Quattrone, Andrea Quattrone
Journal of Neurology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

Asymptomatic Hearing Impairment Frequently Occurs in Early-Onset Parkinson’s Disease: Kuldeep Shetty, Syam Krishnan, Jissa Vinoda Thulaseedharan, Manju Mohan, Asha Kishore; J Mov Disord. 2019;12(2):84-90. Published online April 5, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.18048

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Abstract PDF

Objective
Recent reports of hearing impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) have suggested that auditory dysfunction could be a non-motor manifestation of PD. These reports were based on observations of elderly patients for whom presbycusis may, to some extent, have contributed to hearing dysfunction. Therefore, we aimed to explore the auditory functions in younger patients with PD. Methods We conducted a case-control study in a relatively younger (< 55 years of age at study time) population of PD patients and healthy volunteers to test whether auditory dysfunction is a significant non-motor dysfunction in PD. Pure tone audiometry (PTA) and brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) were performed in all participants. Results None of the patients or controls reported hearing deficits. Fifty-one patients with PD and 50 healthy volunteers who were age- and gender-matched to the patients participated. PTA-detected hearing impairment was found in 64.7% of patients and 28% of controls (p < 0.001) for both low-mid and/or high frequencies. Hearing impairment was more frequent in the younger subgroups of patients than age-matched controls, while the frequency of hearing impairment was similar in older groups of subjects. BERA was not different between patients and controls. Conclusion Asymptomatic auditory dysfunction is a common non-motor manifestation of early-onset PD and more frequent in younger patients, indicating that it may be independent of aging. The mechanism underlying this dysfunction appears to be peripheral, although a central dysfunction cannot be ruled out based on the findings of this study.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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