- Trends in Physiotherapy Interventions and Medical Costs for Parkinson’s Disease in South Korea, 2011–2020
-
Dong-Woo Ryu, Jinse Park, Myung Jun Lee, Dallah Yoo, Sang-Myung Cheon
-
J Mov Disord. 2024;17(3):270-281. Published online March 19, 2024
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.23269
-
-
Abstract
PDF Supplementary Material
- Objective
Physiotherapy (PT), which is an effective strategy for managing Parkinson’s disease (PD), can influence health care utilization. We analyzed trends in health care utilization, PT interventions, and medical costs among patients with PD.
Methods Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2011 to 2020, we analyzed the number of patients with PD and their health care utilization and assessed the odds ratio (OR) for receiving regular PTs.
Results Over 10 years, 169,613 patients with PD were included in the analysis. The number of patients with PD increased annually from 49,417 in 2011 to 91,841 in 2020. The number of patients with PD receiving PT increased from 4,847 (9.81%) in 2011 to 13,163 (14.33%) in 2020, and the number of PT prescriptions increased from 81,220 in 2011 to 377,651 in 2019. Medical costs per patient with PD increased from 1,686 United States dollars (USD) in 2011 to 3,202 USD in 2020. The medical expenses for each patient with PD receiving PT increased from 6,582 USD in 2011 to 13,475 USD in 2020. Moreover, regular PTs were administered to 31,782 patients (18.74%) and were administered only through hospitalization. Those patients in their 50s with disabilities demonstrated a high OR for regular PTs, whereas those aged 80 years or older and residing outside of Seoul had a low OR.
Conclusion The PD burden increased in South Korea between 2011 and 2020, as did health care utilization and medical costs. A significant increase in medical expenses can be associated with increased PD incidence and PT interventions. Regular PT applications remain restricted and have barriers to access.
- Evaluating the Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease–Cognition
-
Jinse Park, Eungseok Oh, Seong-Beom Koh, In-Uk Song, Tae-Beom Ahn, Sang Jin Kim, Sang-Myung Cheon, Yoon-Joong Kim, Jin Whan Cho, Hyeo-Il Ma, Mee Young Park, Jong Sam Baik, Phil Hyu Lee, Sun Ju Chung, Jong-Min Kim, Han-Joon Kim, Young-Hee Sung, Do Young Kwon, Jae-Hyeok Lee, Jee-Young Lee, Ji Seon Kim, Ji Young Yun, Hee Jin Kim, Jin Yong Hong, Mi-Jung Kim, Jinyoung Youn, Hui-Jun Yang, Won Tae Yoon, Sooyeoun You, Kyum-Yil Kwon, Su-Yun Lee, Younsoo Kim, Hee-Tae Kim, Joong-Seok Kim, Ji-Young Kim
-
J Mov Disord. 2024;17(3):328-332. Published online April 3, 2024
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.24061
-
-
Abstract
PDF Supplementary Material
- Objective
The Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease–Cognition (SCOPA-Cog) was developed to assess cognition in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the SCOPACog (K-SCOPA-Cog).
Methods We enrolled 129 PD patients with movement disorders from 31 clinics in South Korea. The original version of the SCOPA-Cog was translated into Korean using the translation-retranslation method. The test–retest method with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were used to assess reliability. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Korean version (MOCA-K) and the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) were used to assess concurrent validity.
Results The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.797, and the ICC was 0.887. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation with the K-MMSE and MOCA-K scores (r = 0.546 and r = 0.683, respectively).
Conclusion Our results demonstrate that the K-SCOPA-Cog has good reliability and validity.
- Validation of the Korean Version of the Scale for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease-Autonomic
-
Ji-Young Kim, In-Uk Song, Seong-Beom Koh, Tae-Beom Ahn, Sang Jin Kim, Sang-Myung Cheon, Jin Whan Cho, Yun Joong Kim, Hyeo-Il Ma, Mee-Young Park, Jong Sam Baik, Phil Hyu Lee, Sun Ju Chung, Jong-Min Kim, Han-Joon Kim, Young-Hee Sung, Do Young Kwon, Jae-Hyeok Lee, Jee-Young Lee, Ji Sun Kim, Ji Young Yun, Hee Jin Kim, Jin Young Hong, Mi-Jung Kim, Jinyoung Youn, Ji Seon Kim, Eung Seok Oh, Hui-Jun Yang, Won Tae Yoon, Sooyeoun You, Kyum-Yil Kwon, Hyung-Eun Park, Su-Yun Lee, Younsoo Kim, Hee-Tae Kim, Joong-Seok Kim
-
J Mov Disord. 2017;10(1):29-34. Published online January 18, 2017
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.16057
-
-
17,130
View
-
383
Download
-
38
Web of Science
-
37
Crossref
-
Abstract
PDF Supplementary Material
- Objective
Autonomic symptoms are commonly observed in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and often limit the activities of daily living. The Scale for Outcomes in Parkinson’s disease-Autonomic (SCOPA-AUT) was developed to evaluate and quantify autonomic symptoms in PD. The goal of this study was to translate the original SCOPA-AUT, which was written in English, into Korean and to evaluate its reliability and validity for Korean PD patients.
Methods
For the translation, the following processes were performed: forward translation, backward translation, expert review, pretest of the pre-final version and development of the final Korean version of SCOPA-AUT (K-SCOPA-AUT). In total, 127 patients with PD from 31 movement disorder clinics of university-affiliated hospitals in Korea were enrolled in this study. All patients were assessed using the K-SCOPA-AUT and other motor, non-motor, and quality of life scores. Test-retest reliability for the K-SCOPA-AUT was assessed over a time interval of 10−14 days.
Results
The internal consistency and reliability of the K-SCOPA-AUT was 0.727 as measured by the mean Cronbach’s α-coefficient. The test-retest correlation reliability was 0.859 by the Guttman split-half coefficient. The total K-SCOPA-AUT score showed a positive correlation with other non-motor symptoms [the Korean version of non-motor symptom scale (K-NMSS)], activities of daily living (Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part II) and quality of life [the Korean version of Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life 39 (K-PDQ39)].
Conclusion
The K-SCOPA-AUT had good reliability and validity for the assessment of autonomic dysfunction in Korean PD patients. Autonomic symptom severities were associated with many other motor and non-motor impairments and influenced quality of life.
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Mild behavioral impairment in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder and Lewy body disease continuum
Bora Jin, Eun Jin Yoon, Kyung Ah Woo, Seoyeon Kim, Seungmin Lee, Ryul Kim, Jung Hwan Shin, Yu Kyeong Kim, Jee-Young Lee Journal of Neural Transmission.2025; 132(5): 637. CrossRef - Clinical characteristics and phenoconversion in isolated REM sleep behavior disorder: a prospective single-center study in Korea, compared with Montreal cohort
Jung-Ick Byun, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Yong Woo Shin, Jung-Won Shin, Tae-Joon Kim, Jin-Sun Jun, Jung Hwan Shin, Han-Joon Kim, Jacques Montplaisir, Jean-François Gagnon, Amelie Pelletier, Aline Delva, Ronald B. Postuma, Ki-Young Jung Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.2025; 21(1): 81. CrossRef - Impact of motor features on non‐motor symptoms in patients with de novo Parkinson's disease: Cognition, depression, anxiety, fatigue, and dysautonomia
Kyum‐Yil Kwon, Byung‐Euk Joo, Jihwan You, Rae On Kim Geriatrics & Gerontology International.2025; 25(3): 392. CrossRef - The Korean medicine for aging cohort (KoMAC) study: A protocol for a prospective, multicenter cohort study on healthy aging in the population entering old age in South Korea
Mi Mi Ko, Seojae Jeon, Wonbae Ha, Young-Eun Kim, So Young Jung, Bo-Young Kim, Myunghwa Kim, Kwang-Ho Choi, Geonhui Kang, So Min Lee, You Mee Ahn, Nahyun Cho, Hanbit Jin, Jungtae Leem, Seungkwan Choi, Jungho Jo, Junghan Lee, Jeeyoun Jung, Tatsuo Shimosawa PLOS ONE.2025; 20(2): e0316986. CrossRef - Baseline prevalence and longitudinal assessment of autonomic dysfunction in early Parkinson’s disease
Lanqing Yang, Huan Gao, Min Ye Journal of Neural Transmission.2024; 131(2): 127. CrossRef - Clinical Characteristics and Relevance of Dizziness in Patients with de novo Parkinson’s Disease
Kyum-Yil Kwon, Jihwan You, Rae On Kim, Eun Ji Lee Journal of Integrative Neuroscience.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Association Between Gait and Dysautonomia in Patients With De Novo Parkinson’s Disease: Forward Gait Versus Backward Gait
Seon-Min Lee, Mina Lee, Eun Ji Lee, Rae On Kim, Yongduk Kim, Kyum-Yil Kwon Journal of Movement Disorders.2023; 16(1): 59. CrossRef - Beyond shallow feelings of complex affect: Non-motor correlates of subjective emotional experience in Parkinson’s disease
Claudia Carricarte Naranjo, Claudia Sánchez Luaces, Ivonne Pedroso Ibáñez, Andrés Machado, Hichem Sahli, María Antonieta Bobes, Vincenzo De Luca PLOS ONE.2023; 18(2): e0281959. CrossRef - Autonomic function and motor subtypes in Parkinson’s disease: a multicentre cross-sectional study
Si-Chun Gu, Rong Shi, Chen Gao, Xiao-Lei Yuan, You Wu, Zhen-Guo Liu, Chang-De Wang, Shao-Rong Zhao, Xiqun Chen, Can-Xing Yuan, Qing Ye Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Association of Dizziness-Related Handicap or Disability with Clinical Features in Patients with Early Parkinson’s Disease
Kyum-Yil Kwon, Jihwan You, Rae On Kim, Eun Ji Lee Journal of Integrative Neuroscience.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Clinical manifestation of patients with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder after modest-to-long disease duration
Jung Kyung Hong, Jong-Min Kim, Ki-woong Kim, Ji Won Han, Soyeon Ahn, In-Young Yoon Sleep.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Associations of cognitive dysfunction with motor and non-motor symptoms in patients with de novo Parkinson’s disease
Kyum-Yil Kwon, Suyeon Park, Rae On Kim, Eun Ji Lee, Mina Lee Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: Results from the Faroese Parkinson's disease cohort
Aksel Berg, Sára Bech, Jan Aasly, Matthew J. Farrer, Maria Skaalum Petersen Neuroscience Letters.2022; 785: 136789. CrossRef - Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms, urinary incontinence and retention in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Fang-Fei Li, Yu-Sha Cui, Rui Yan, Shuang-Shuang Cao, Tao Feng Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - White matter tract-specific microstructural disruption is associated with depressive symptoms in isolated RBD
Jung-Ick Byun, Seunghwan Oh, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Jung-Won Shin, Tae-Joon Kim, Jin-Sun Jun, Han-Joon Kim, Won Chul Shin, Joon-Kyung Seong, Ki-Young Jung NeuroImage: Clinical.2022; 36: 103186. CrossRef - Comparison of disease progression between brain-predominant Parkinson's disease versus Parkinson's disease with body-involvement phenotypes
Dong-Woo Ryu, Sang-Won Yoo, Yoon-Sang Oh, Kwang-Soo Lee, Seunggyun Ha, Joong-Seok Kim Neurobiology of Disease.2022; 174: 105883. CrossRef - Corneal confocal microscopy differentiates patients with Parkinson’s disease with and without autonomic involvement
Ning-Ning Che, Shuai Chen, Qiu-Huan Jiang, Si-Yuan Chen, Zhen-Xiang Zhao, Xue Li, Rayaz A. Malik, Jian-Jun Ma, Hong-Qi Yang npj Parkinson's Disease.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Association of Nucleus Basalis of Meynert Functional Connectivity and Cognition in Idiopathic Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
Jung-Ick Byun, Kwang Su Cha, Minah Kim, Woo-Jin Lee, Han Sang Lee, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Jung-Won Shin, Tae-Joon Kim, Jin-Sun Jun, Han-Joon Kim, Won Chul Shin, Carlos H. Schenck, Sang Kun Lee, Ki-Young Jung Journal of Clinical Neurology.2022; 18(5): 562. CrossRef - White Matter Tract-Specific Microstructural Disruption is Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Isolated Rbd
Jung-Ick Byun, Seunghwan Oh, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Jung-Won Shin, Tae-Joon Kim, Jin-Sun Jun, Han-Joon Kim, Won Chul Shin, Joon-Kyung Seong, Ki-Young Jung SSRN Electronic Journal .2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Impact of subjective dizziness on motor and non-motor symptoms in patients with early stages of Parkinson's disease
Kyum-Yil Kwon, Suyeon Park, Eun Ji Lee, Mina Lee, Hyunjin Ju Journal of Integrative Neuroscience.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Altered insular functional connectivity in isolated REM sleep behavior disorder: a data-driven functional MRI study
Jung-Ick Byun, Kwang Su Cha, Minah Kim, Woo-Jin Lee, Han Sang Lee, Jun-Sang Sunwoo, Jung-Won Shin, Tae-Joon Kim, Jangsup Moon, Soon-Tae Lee, Keun-Hwa Jung, Kon Chu, Man-Ho Kim, Han-Joon Kim, Won Chul Shin, Sang Kun Lee, Ki-Young Jung Sleep Medicine.2021; 79: 88. CrossRef - Association of fall risk factors and non-motor symptoms in patients with early Parkinson’s disease
Kyum-Yil Kwon, Suyeon Park, Eun Ji Lee, Mina Lee, Hyunjin Ju Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Impact of motor subtype on non‐motor symptoms and fall‐related features in patients with early Parkinson's disease
Kyum‐Yil Kwon, Eun Ji Lee, Mina Lee, Hyunjin Ju, Kayeong Im Geriatrics & Gerontology International.2021; 21(5): 416. CrossRef - Extra-basal ganglia iron content and non-motor symptoms in drug-naïve, early Parkinson’s disease
Minkyeong Kim, Seulki Yoo, Doyeon Kim, Jin Whan Cho, Ji Sun Kim, Jong Hyun Ahn, Jun Kyu Mun, Inyoung Choi, Seung-Kyun Lee, Jinyoung Youn Neurological Sciences.2021; 42(12): 5297. CrossRef - Clinical Assessment Scales in Autonomic Nervous System Disorders
Eun Bin Cho, Ki-Jong Park Journal of the Korean Neurological Association.2021; 39(2 Suppl): 60. CrossRef - Cardiac sympathetic burden reflects Parkinson disease burden, regardless of high or low orthostatic blood pressure changes
Sang-Won Yoo, Joong-Seok Kim, Yoon-Sang Oh, Dong-Woo Ryu, Seunggyun Ha, Ji-Yeon Yoo, Kwang-Soo Lee npj Parkinson's Disease.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Understanding fatigue in progressive supranuclear palsy
Jong Hyeon Ahn, Joomee Song, Dong Yeong Lee, Jinyoung Youn, Jin Whan Cho Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Validation of the Korean version of the composite autonomic symptom scale 31 in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Jong Hyeon Ahn, Jin Myoung Seok, Jongkyu Park, Heejeong Jeong, Younsoo Kim, Joomee Song, Inyoung Choi, Jin Whan Cho, Ju-Hong Min, Byoung Joon Kim, Jinyoung Youn, Antonina Luca PLOS ONE.2021; 16(10): e0258897. CrossRef - Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction Is Associated with Severity of REM Sleep without Atonia in Isolated REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Sooyeoun You, Kyoung Sook Won, Keun Tae Kim, Hyang Woon Lee, Yong Won Cho Journal of Clinical Medicine.2021; 10(22): 5414. CrossRef - Characteristics of Autonomic Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease: A Large Chinese Multicenter Cohort Study
Zhou Zhou, Xiaoting Zhou, Xiaoxia Zhou, Yaqin Xiang, Liping Zhu, Lixia Qin, Yige Wang, Hongxu Pan, Yuwen Zhao, Qiying Sun, Qian Xu, Xinyin Wu, Xinxiang Yan, Jifeng Guo, Beisha Tang, Zhenhua Liu Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Autonomic Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: Results from the Faroese Parkinson's Disease Cohort
Aksel Kambsskarð Berg, Sára Bech, Jan O. Aasly, Matthew J. Farrer, Maria Skaalum Petersen SSRN Electronic Journal .2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Subtypes of Sleep Disturbance in Parkinson's Disease Based on the Cross-Culturally Validated Korean Version of Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale-2
Hui-Jun Yang, Han-Joon Kim, Seong-Beom Koh, Joong-Seok Kim, Tae-Beom Ahn, Sang-Myung Cheon, Jin Whan Cho, Yoon-Joong Kim, Hyeo-Il Ma, Mee Young Park, Jong Sam Baik, Phil Hyu Lee, Sun Ju Chung, Jong-Min Kim, In-Uk Song, Ji-Young Kim, Young-Hee Sung, Do You Journal of Clinical Neurology.2020; 16(1): 66. CrossRef - Risk Factors for Falls in Patients with de novo Parkinson’s Disease: A Focus on Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms
Kyum-Yil Kwon, Mina Lee, Hyunjin Ju, Kayeong Im Journal of Movement Disorders.2020; 13(2): 142. CrossRef - Peripheral Blood Inflammatory Cytokines in Idiopathic REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Ryul Kim, Jin‐Sun Jun, Han‐Joon Kim, Ki‐Young Jung, Yong‐Won Shin, Tae‐Won Yang, Keun Tae Kim, Tae‐Joon Kim, Jung‐Ick Byun, Jun‐Sang Sunwoo, Beomseok Jeon Movement Disorders.2019; 34(11): 1739. CrossRef - Urinary Dysfunctions and Post-Void Residual Urine in Typical and Atypical Parkinson Diseases
Yang-Hyun Lee, Jee-Eun Lee, Dong-Woo Ryu, Yoon-Sang Oh, Kwang-Soo Lee, Sung-Hoo Hong, Joong-Seok Kim Journal of Parkinson’s Disease.2018; 8(1): 145. CrossRef - Rasch Analysis of the Clinimetric Properties of the Korean Dizziness Handicap Inventory in Patients with Parkinson Disease
Da-Young Lee, Hui-Jun Yang, Dong-Seok Yang, Jin-Hyuk Choi, Byoung-Soo Park, Ji-Yun Park Research in Vestibular Science.2018; 17(4): 152. CrossRef - Clinical Characteristics of Parkinson’s Disease Developed from Essential Tremor
Dong-Woo Ryu, Si-Hoon Lee, Yoon-Sang Oh, Jae-Young An, Jeong-Wook Park, In-Uk Song, Kwang-Soo Lee, Joong-Seok Kim Journal of Parkinson’s Disease.2017; 7(2): 369. CrossRef
- Orthostatic Hypotension and Cognitive Impairment in De Novo Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
-
Hyo-Jin Bae, Jun-Ho Lim, Sang-Myung Cheon
-
J Mov Disord. 2014;7(2):102-104. Published online October 30, 2014
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.14016
-
-
16,674
View
-
64
Download
-
17
Web of Science
-
12
Crossref
-
PDF
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- A systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between orthostatic hypotension and mild cognitive impairment and dementia in Parkinson’s disease
Débora Loureiro, Rodrigo Bilbao, Sofía Bordet, Lina Grasso, Matilde Otero-Losada, Francisco Capani, Osvaldo J. Ponzo, Santiago Perez-Lloret Neurological Sciences.2023; 44(4): 1211. CrossRef - The mechanism of impaired delayed recall verbal memory function in Parkinson's disease with orthostatic hypotension: a multiple imaging study
Xiaofan Xue, Anqi Huang, Jingrong Zeng, Haixia Song, Yingqi Xing, Piu Chan, Erhe Xu, Lichun Zhou Frontiers in Neurology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Cognitive and Autonomic Dysfunction in Multiple System Atrophy Type P and C: A Comparative Study
Giulia Lazzeri, Giulia Franco, Teresa Difonzo, Angelica Carandina, Chiara Gramegna, Maurizio Vergari, Federica Arienti, Anisa Naci, Costanza Scatà, Edoardo Monfrini, Gabriel Dias Rodrigues, Nicola Montano, Giacomo P. Comi, Maria Cristina Saetti, Eleonora Frontiers in Neurology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Impaired dynamic cerebral autoregulation: A potential mechanism of orthostatic hypotension and dementia in Parkinson’s disease
Hongxiu Chen, Erhe Xu, Fubo Zhou, Qiuping Li, Jingrong Zeng, Shanshan Mei, Yingqi Xing Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Relationship Between Orthostatic Hypotension and Cognitive Functions in Multiple System Atrophy: A Longitudinal Study
Sofia Cuoco, Immacolata Carotenuto, Arianna Cappiello, Sara Scannapieco, Maria Claudia Russillo, Valentina Andreozzi, Lorenzo Forino, Marianna Amboni, Marina Picillo, Roberto Erro, Paolo Barone, Maria Teresa Pellecchia Frontiers in Neurology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Cognition in multiple system atrophy: a single‐center cohort study
Sabine Eschlböck, Margarete Delazer, Florian Krismer, Thomas Bodner, Alessandra Fanciulli, Beatrice Heim, Antonio Heras Garvin, Christine Kaindlstorfer, Elfriede Karner, Katherina Mair, Christoph Rabensteiner, Cecilia Raccagni, Klaus Seppi, Werner Poewe, Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology.2020; 7(2): 219. CrossRef - Dizziness in patients with early stages of Parkinson's disease: Prevalence, clinical characteristics and implications
Kyum‐Yil Kwon, Suyeon Park, Mina Lee, Hyunjin Ju, Kayeong Im, Byung‐Euk Joo, Kyung Bok Lee, Hakjae Roh, Moo‐Young Ahn Geriatrics & Gerontology International.2020; 20(5): 443. CrossRef - Orthostatic Intolerance in Older Persons: Etiology and Countermeasures
Nandu Goswami, Andrew P. Blaber, Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay, Jean-Pierre Montani Frontiers in Physiology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - Orthostatic hypotension and cardiac sympathetic denervation in Parkinson disease patients with REM sleep behavioral disorder
Joong-Seok Kim, Hyung-Eun Park, Yoon-Sang Oh, Si-Hoon Lee, Jeong-Wook Park, Byung-chul Son, Kwang-Soo Lee Journal of the Neurological Sciences.2016; 362: 59. CrossRef - Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Mild and Advanced Parkinson’s Disease
Joong-Seok Kim, Si-Hoon Lee, Yoon-Sang Oh, Jeong-Wook Park, Jae-Young An, Sung-Kyung Park, Si-Ryung Han, Kwang-Soo Lee Journal of Movement Disorders.2016; 9(2): 97. CrossRef - The range and nature of non-motor symptoms in drug-naive Parkinson’s disease patients: a state-of-the-art systematic review
Panagiotis Zis, Roberto Erro, Courtney C Walton, Anna Sauerbier, Kallol Ray Chaudhuri npj Parkinson's Disease.2015;[Epub] CrossRef - Diagnosing and treating neurogenic orthostatic hypotension in primary care
Louis Kuritzky, Alberto J. Espay, Jeffrey Gelblum, Richard Payne, Eric Dietrich Postgraduate Medicine.2015; 127(7): 702. CrossRef
- Genetics of Parkinson’s Disease - A Clinical Perspective
-
Sang-Myung Cheon, Lilian Chan, Daniel Kam Yin Chan, Jae Woo Kim
-
J Mov Disord. 2012;5(2):33-41.
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.12009
-
-
29,315
View
-
111
Download
-
14
Crossref
-
Abstract
PDF
Discovering genes following Medelian inheritance, such as autosomal dominant-synuclein and leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene, or autosomal recessive Parkin, P-TEN-induced putative kinase 1 gene and Daisuke-Junko 1 gene, has provided great insights into the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Genes found to be associated with PD through investigating genetic polymorphisms or via the whole genome association studies suggest that such genes could also contribute to an increased risk of PD in the general population. Some environmental factors have been found to be associated with genetic factors in at-risk patients, further implicating the role of gene-environment interactions in sporadic PD. There may be confusion for clinicians facing rapid progresses of genetic understanding in PD. After a brief review of PD genetics, we will discuss the insight of new genetic discoveries to clinicians, the implications of ethnic differences in PD genetics and the role of genetic testing for general clinicians managing PD patients.
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Exploring the complexities of 1C metabolism: implications in aging and neurodegenerative diseases
Ayman Bou Ghanem, Yaman Hussayni, Raghid Kadbey, Yara Ratel, Shereen Yehya, Lara Khouzami, Hilda E. Ghadieh, Amjad Kanaan, Sami Azar, Frederic Harb Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Impaired Sonic Hedgehog Responsiveness of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Floor Plate Cells Carrying the LRRK2-I1371V Mutation Contributes to the Ontogenic Origin of Lower Dopaminergic Neuron Yield
Chandrakanta Potdar, Soham Jagtap, Khushboo Singh, Ravi Yadav, Pramod Kumar Pal, Indrani Datta Stem Cells and Development.2024; 33(11-12): 306. CrossRef - Mitochondria break free: Mitochondria-derived vesicles in aging and associated conditions
Luigi Ferrucci, Flora Guerra, Cecilia Bucci, Emanuele Marzetti, Anna Picca Ageing Research Reviews.2024; 102: 102549. CrossRef - Dual-probe sandwich for Lewy body detection on nano-composite modified dielectric surface to determine Parkinson's disease
Xi Zhang, Menghai Wu, Subash C.B. Gopinath, Yeng Chen Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research.2023; 42: 100599. CrossRef - Neuroprotective effect of YIAEDAER peptide against Parkinson’s disease like pathology in zebrafish
Qingyu Ren, Xin Jiang, Shanshan Zhang, Xin Gao, Yam Nath Paudel, Pengyu Zhang, Rongchun Wang, Kechun Liu, Meng Jin Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2022; 147: 112629. CrossRef - Co-treatment with natural HMGB1 inhibitor Glycyrrhizin exerts neuroprotection and reverses Parkinson’s disease like pathology in Zebrafish
Qingyu Ren, Xin Jiang, Yam Nath Paudel, Xin Gao, Daili Gao, Pengyu Zhang, Wenlong Sheng, Xueliang Shang, Kechun Liu, Xiujun Zhang, Meng Jin Journal of Ethnopharmacology.2022; 292: 115234. CrossRef - The Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid EPA, but Not DHA, Enhances Neurotrophic Factor Expression through Epigenetic Mechanisms and Protects against Parkinsonian Neuronal Cell Death
Maria Rachele Ceccarini, Veronica Ceccarelli, Michela Codini, Katia Fettucciari, Mario Calvitti, Samuela Cataldi, Elisabetta Albi, Alba Vecchini, Tommaso Beccari International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(24): 16176. CrossRef - Comprehensive Methylation Profile of CSF cf DNA Revealed Pathogenesis and Diagnostic Markers for Early-Onset Parkinson’s Disease
Jie Meng, Fenglin Wang, Lei Ji, Yuhua Liang, Wei Nian, Lele Song, Aiqin Zhu Epigenomics.2021; 13(20): 1637. CrossRef - Early Expression of Neuronal Dopaminergic Markers in a Parkinson’s Disease Model in Rats Implanted with Enteric Stem Cells (ENSCs)
Carmen Parra-Cid, Eduardo Orozco-Castillo, Julieta García-López, Elena Contreras-Figueroa, Laura E. Ramos-Languren, Clemente Ibarra, Alfonso Carreón-Rodríguez, Michael Aschner, Mina Königsberg, Abel Santamaría CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets .2020; 19(2): 148. CrossRef - Arylsulfatase A (ASA) in Parkinson’s Disease: From Pathogenesis to Biomarker Potential
Efthalia Angelopoulou, Yam Nath Paudel, Chiara Villa, Christina Piperi Brain Sciences.2020; 10(10): 713. CrossRef - Bioenergetics and Autophagic Imbalance in Patients-Derived Cell Models of Parkinson Disease Supports Systemic Dysfunction in Neurodegeneration
Ingrid González-Casacuberta, Diana Luz Juárez-Flores, Constanza Morén, Gloria Garrabou Frontiers in Neuroscience.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - Mitochondrial and autophagic alterations in skin fibroblasts from Parkinson disease patients with Parkin mutations
Ingrid González-Casacuberta, Diana-Luz Juárez-Flores, Mario Ezquerra, Raquel Fucho, Marc Catalán-García, Mariona Guitart-Mampel, Ester Tobías, Carmen García-Ruiz, José Carlos Fernández-Checa, Eduard Tolosa, María-José Martí, Josep Maria Grau, Rubén Fernán Aging.2019; 11(11): 3750. CrossRef - Implications of DNA Methylation in Parkinson’s Disease
Ernesto Miranda-Morales, Karin Meier, Ada Sandoval-Carrillo, José Salas-Pacheco, Paola Vázquez-Cárdenas, Oscar Arias-Carrión Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - Exploring the Effects of Genetic Variants on Clinical Profiles of Parkinson’s Disease Assessed by the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale and the Hoehn–Yahr Stage
Chen Shi, Zheng Zheng, Qi Wang, Chaodong Wang, Dabao Zhang, Min Zhang, Piu Chan, Xiaomin Wang, Ornit Chiba-Falek PLOS ONE.2016; 11(6): e0155758. CrossRef
- Orthostatic Hypotension in Drug-Naïve Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
-
Hyo-Jin Bae, Sang-Myung Cheon, Jae Woo Kim
-
J Mov Disord. 2011;4(1):33-37.
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.11005
-
-
10,692
View
-
64
Download
-
13
Crossref
-
Abstract
PDF
-
Background and Purpose
Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is known to be present even in patients with early Parkinson’s disease (PD). To affirm the presence of OH and find correlation between OH and other dysautonomic symptoms in PD, this study has done in newly-diagnosed PD patients.
Methods
Forty-five non-demented patients with no prior history of treatment for PD were recruited (17 men, 63.8 ± 10.1 years of age). All the patients were evaluated for OH before starting medications. Autonomic symptoms were evaluated with structured questionnaires. Clinical characteristics of PD were evaluated (median Hoehn and Yahr stage 2.0 (1–3), 1.3 ± 1.1 years of disease duration), and comorbid medical conditions that could affect blood pressure were also recorded.
Results
OH was prevalent, and eighteen patients (40%) showed orthostatic hypotension, and twenty-seven (60%) did not (normotensive group). There was no significant difference in demographic and clinical characteristics between groups. The presence or severity of symptoms of autonomic dysfunction in the OH group also not differed from those of the normotensive group.
Conclusions
OH was prevalent even in the early stage of PD, and was not related to presence or severity of any other symptoms of autonomic dysfunction. Our findings suggest that clinicians should pay attention to OH from the early stage of disease.
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Reported Symptoms in Prodromal and Early Motor Parkinson's Disease: A Scoping Review on the Patient Perspective
Joseph Saade, Alice van Wyk, Glenn T. Stebbins, Tiago A. Mestre Movement Disorders Clinical Practice.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Pathophysiology of non-motor signs in Parkinson’s disease: some recent updating with brief presentation
Khaled Radad, Rudolf Moldzio, Christopher Krewenka, Barbara Kranner, Wolf-Dieter Rausch Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy.2023; : 24. CrossRef - Central retinal microvasculature damage is associated with orthostatic hypotension in Parkinson’s disease
Jong Hyeon Ahn, Min Chae Kang, Dongyoung Lee, Jin Whan Cho, Kyung-Ah Park, Jinyoung Youn npj Parkinson's Disease.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Pronounced Orthostatic Hypotension in GBA-Related Parkinson’s Disease
Tatiana Usnich, Henrike Hanssen, Katja Lohmann, Christina Lohse, Christine Klein, Meike Kasten, Norbert Brüggemann Journal of Parkinson's Disease.2022; 12(5): 1539. CrossRef - Could Small Heat Shock Protein HSP27 Be a First-Line Target for Preventing Protein Aggregation in Parkinson’s Disease?
Javier Navarro-Zaragoza, Lorena Cuenca-Bermejo, Pilar Almela, María-Luisa Laorden, María-Trinidad Herrero International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 22(6): 3038. CrossRef - Delayed orthostatic hypotension in Parkinson’s disease
Sang-Won Yoo, Joong-Seok Kim, Ji-Yeon Yoo, Eunkyeong Yun, Uicheul Yoon, Na-Young Shin, Kwang-Soo Lee npj Parkinson's Disease.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension in early stage Parkinson's disease: New insights from the first 105 patients of the BoProPark study
Francesca Baschieri, Luisa Sambati, Pietro Guaraldi, Giorgio Barletta, Pietro Cortelli, Giovanna Calandra-Buonaura Parkinsonism & Related Disorders.2021; 93: 12. CrossRef - Trajectory Analysis of Orthostatic Hypotension in Parkinson’s Disease: Results From Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative Cohort
Kui Chen, Kangshuai Du, Yichen Zhao, Yongzhe Gu, Yanxin Zhao Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease: Implications for pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment
Zhichun Chen, Guanglu Li, Jun Liu Neurobiology of Disease.2020; 134: 104700. CrossRef - Prevalence and factors related to orthostatic syndromes in recently diagnosed, drug-naïve patients with Parkinson disease
Cecilia Quarracino, Matilde Otero-Losada, Francisco Capani, Santiago Pérez-Lloret Clinical Autonomic Research.2020; 30(3): 265. CrossRef - Orthostatic hypotension in Parkinson disease
Ylva Hivand Hiorth, Kenn Freddy Pedersen, Ingvild Dalen, Ole-Bjørn Tysnes, Guido Alves Neurology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - The range and nature of non-motor symptoms in drug-naive Parkinson’s disease patients: a state-of-the-art systematic review
Panagiotis Zis, Roberto Erro, Courtney C Walton, Anna Sauerbier, Kallol Ray Chaudhuri npj Parkinson's Disease.2015;[Epub] CrossRef - Orthostatic Hypotension and Cognitive Impairment in <i>De Novo</i> Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Hyo-Jin Bae, Jun-Ho Lim, Sang-Myung Cheon Journal of Movement Disorders.2014; 7(2): 102. CrossRef
- Autonomic Dysfunctions in Parkinsonian Disorders
-
Hyo-Jin Bae, Sang-Myung Cheon, Jae Woo Kim
-
J Mov Disord. 2009;2(2):72-77.
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.09019
-
-
34,551
View
-
101
Download
-
8
Crossref
-
Abstract
PDF
-
Background and Purpose:
Symptoms of autonomic dysfunctions are common in the patients with parkinsonian disorders. Because clinical features of autonomic dysfunctions are diverse, the comprehensive evaluation is essential for the appropriate management. For the appreciation of autonomic dysfunctions and the identification of differences, patients with degenerative parkinsonisms are evaluated using structured questionnaire for autonomic dysfunction (ADQ).
Methods:
Total 259 patients, including 192 patients with [idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD, age 64.6 ± 9.6 years)], 37 with [multiple system atrophy (MSA, 62.8 ± 9.1)], 9 with [dementia with Lewy body (DLB, 73.9 ± 4.3)], and 21 with [progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP, 69.4 ± 9.6)]. The ADQ was structured for evaluation of the presence of symptoms and its severity due to autonomic dysfunction, covering gastrointestinal, urinary, sexual, cardiovascular and thermoregulatory domains. Patients were also evaluated for the orthostatic hypotension.
Results:
Although dementia with Lewy body (DLB) patients were oldest and duration of disease was longest in IPD, total ADQ scores of MSA and PSP (23.9 ± 12.6 and 21.1 ± 7.8) were significantly increased than that of IPD (15.1 ± 10.6). Urinary and cardiovascular symptom scores of MSA and gastrointestinal symptom score of PSP were significantly worse than those of IPD. The ratio of patient with orthostatic hypotension in IPD was 31.2% and not differed between groups (35.1% in MSA, 33.3% in DLB and 33.3% in PSP). But the systolic blood pressure dropped drastically after standing in patients with MSA and DLB than in patients with IPD and PSP.
Conclusions:
Patients with degenerative parkinsonism showed widespread symptoms of autonomic dysfunctions. The severity of those symptoms in patients with PSP were comparing to that of MSA patients and worse than that of IPD.
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- The association of vagal atrophy with parameters of autonomic function in multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy
Teresa Kleinz, Leonard Scholz, Sophie Huckemann, Rachel Rohmann, Eva Kühn, Paulina Averdunk, Saskia Kools, Lovis Hilker, Antonia Bieber, Katharina Müller, Jeremias Motte, Anna-Lena Fisse, Christiane Schneider-Gold, Ralf Gold, Eun Hae Kwon, Lars Tönges, Ka Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Current Perspectives on Olfactory Loss in Atypical Parkinsonisms—A Review Article
Katarzyna Bochniak, Mateusz Soszyński, Natalia Madetko-Alster, Piotr Alster Biomedicines.2024; 12(10): 2257. CrossRef - Autonomic dysfunction in progressive supranuclear palsy
Francesca Baschieri, Maria Vitiello, Pietro Cortelli, Giovanna Calandra-Buonaura, Francesca Morgante Journal of Neurology.2023; 270(1): 109. CrossRef - Orthostatic hypotension in dementia with Lewy bodies: a meta-analysis of prospective studies
Ahmet Turan Isik, Fatma Sena Dost, Idil Yavuz, Mehmet Selman Ontan, Esra Ates Bulut, Derya Kaya Clinical Autonomic Research.2023; 33(2): 133. CrossRef - An Overview of Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Parkinsonian Syndromes
Lauren Talman, Delaram Safarpour Seminars in Neurology.2023; 43(04): 583. CrossRef - The Non-Motor Symptom Profile of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Sudhakar Pushpa Chaithra, Shweta Prasad, Vikram Venkappayya Holla, Albert Stezin, Nitish Kamble, Ravi Yadav, Pramod Kumar Pal Journal of Movement Disorders.2020; 13(2): 118. CrossRef - Subtypes of Parkinson’s Disease: What Do They Tell Us About Disease Progression?
Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Ronald B. Postuma Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - Characteristics of Nonmotor Symptoms in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Ruwei Ou, Wei Song, Qianqian Wei, Ke Chen, Bei Cao, Yanbing Hou, Bi Zhao, Huifang Shang Parkinson's Disease.2016; 2016: 1. CrossRef
- The Correlation of ON and OFF Status With Clinical Characteristics in Patients With Parkinson’s Disease
-
Jung-Hwa Seo, Sang-Myung Cheon, Jae Woo Kim
-
J Mov Disord. 2008;1(2):65-70.
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.08012
-
-
Abstract
PDF
-
Background:
Status of the disease is the one of main concerns of clinicians, especially in the course of primary degenerative disorders. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) is an useful clinical score that can express severity of parkinsonian symptoms, but L-DOPA treatment and motor fluctuations can change the UPDRS scores. Even in the best ‘on’ state, there can be residual motor deficits, and it is very difficult to estimate the worst ‘off’ state due to long duration effect of L-DOPA.
Objective:
To find relevant examination scores of ‘on’ or ‘off’ state of PD patients which correlates with clinical and demographic variables those can represents the status of Parkinson’s disease.
Methods:
Sixty-four patients with PD (24 male, age 63.0±8.6 years, Hoehn and Yahr stage (HY) 2.8±0.5) were examined UPDRS at ‘on’ and practically defined ‘off’ (12 hours after last medication) state. We evaluated the association between the ‘on’ and ‘off’ scores of UPDRS and duration of disease and treatment, and equivalent L-DOPA dose of the patients. Patients were grouped according to the presence of motor fluctuation to find the differences in those associations.
Results:
There were significantly strong correlations between UPDRS ‘off’ scores and clinical variables such as duration of disease and treatment. In ‘on’ state, only complication part of UPDRS was correlated with duration of disease and treatment, but activity of daily living (ADL) and motor part of UPDRS were correlated well with age of the patients. Age at disease onset showed significant negative association with the difference between ‘off’ and ‘on’ state UPDRS scores. Thirty-one patients who had motor fluctuation (9 male, age 62.7±9.3 years, HY 3.0±0.6) showed significantly increased duration of the disease, duration of L-DOPA treatment and equivalent DOPA dose compared to those of 33 patients without motor fluctuation (15 male, age 63.3±8.1 years, HY 2.6±0.3). In patients without motor fluctuation, both ‘off’ and ‘on’ UPDRS showed association with duration of disease and treatment, but ‘off’ and ‘off’ – ‘on’ difference of UPDRS were better correlated with duration of disease and treatment in patients with motor fluctuation.
Conclusion:
We found that the UPDRS scores of practically defined ‘off’ state significantly correlated with the duration of the disease and treatment. Patients with motor fluctuation revealed better responsiveness to medication than those without motor fluctuation. In patients without motor fluctuation, UPDRS scores of ‘on’ state can reflect the clinical presentation as much as those of ‘off’ state.
- Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease
-
Jae Woo Kim, Hee Young Jo, Min Jeong Park, Sang-Myung Cheon
-
J Mov Disord. 2008;1(1):19-25.
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.08004
-
-
10,528
View
-
101
Download
-
8
Web of Science
-
6
Crossref
-
Abstract
PDF
-
Background
To determine the frequency of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) of Parkinson’s disease (PD, PDMCI) and its subtypes among non-demented PD patients, and to identify the influence of the age and presenting symptom on the development of PDMCI.
Methods:
A total 141 non-demented PD patients underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment including attention, language, visuospatial, memory and frontal functions. PDMCI was defined by neuropsychological testing and was classified into five subtypes. Patients were divided into two groups (tremor vs. akinetic-rigid type) for presenting symptom and three groups according to the age. Neuropsychological performance of patients was compared with normative data.
Results:
Almost half (49.6%) of non-demented PD patients had impairment in at least one domain and can be considered as having PDMCI. Executive type of PDMCI was the most frequent and amnestic, visuospatial, linguistic and attention types followed in the order of frequency. The population of PDMCI was increasing as the age of disease onset was higher. Whereas the frequency of executive and amnestic types of PDMCI was comparable in younger group, executive type was the most frequent in older group. The patients with tremor dominant type performed worse on tests, particularly on attention test.
Conclusions:
MCI was common even in the early stage of PD and the subtype was diverse. Unlike MCI developing Alzheimer’s disease later, executive type of PDMCI was the most common. Age was an important risk factor for development of MCI in PD. The concept of MCI should be introduced in PD.
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by 
- Orthostatic Hypotension and Cognitive Impairment in <i>De Novo</i> Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Hyo-Jin Bae, Jun-Ho Lim, Sang-Myung Cheon Journal of Movement Disorders.2014; 7(2): 102. CrossRef - Correlated regions of cerebral blood flow with clinical parameters in Parkinson’s disease; comparison using ‘Anatomy’ and ‘Talairach Daemon’ software
Hyun Jin Yoon, Sang Myung Cheon, Young Jin Jeong, Do-Young Kang Annals of Nuclear Medicine.2012; 26(2): 164. CrossRef - Correlation between neuropsychological tests and hypoperfusion in MCI patients: anatomical labeling using xjView and Talairach Daemon Software
Hyun Jin Yoon, Kyung Won Park, Young Jin Jeong, Do-Young Kang Annals of Nuclear Medicine.2012; 26(8): 656. CrossRef - Significant correlation between cerebral hypoperfusion and neuropsychological assessment scores of patients with mild cognitive impairment
Hyun Jin Yoon, Kyung Won Park, Young Jin Jeong, Do-Young Kang Nuclear Medicine Communications.2012; 33(8): 848. CrossRef - Utility and Limitations of Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised for Detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease
Natalie C. Komadina, Zoe Terpening, Yue Huang, Glenda M. Halliday, Sharon L. Naismith, Simon J.G. Lewis Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders.2011; 31(5): 349. CrossRef - Characterizing mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease
John C. Dalrymple‐Alford, Leslie Livingston, Michael R. MacAskill, Charlotte Graham, Tracy R. Melzer, Richard J. Porter, Richard Watts, Tim J. Anderson Movement Disorders.2011; 26(4): 629. CrossRef
- Comparison of Impact of Various Exercise Modalities on Parkinson’s Disease
-
Jinse Park, Sang-Myung Cheon, Myung Jun Lee, Dong-Woo Rhu, Dallah Yoo
-
Received February 13, 2025 Accepted April 15, 2025 Published online April 15, 2025
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.25038
[Accepted]
-
-
Abstract
PDF
- Background and Purpose
Exercise is a critical non-pharmacological intervention for Parkinson’s disease (PD); however, comparative evidence on the efficacy of different exercise modalities is limited. This study aimed to compare the effects of tai chi, strength training, yoga, and home-based exercises on motor in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).
Subject and Methods In this multicenter, open-label, randomized clinical trial, 99 patients with PD were allocated to one of four exercise interventions: tai chi, strength training, yoga, or home-based exercises. Each intervention consisted of 12 weeks of supervised sessions, followed by 12 weeks of independent practice. The primary outcomes included the MDS-UPDRS Part III and timed up-and-go (TUG) test parameters. The secondary outcomes assessed included physical activity (SPPB and 6 MWT), balance (Mini-BEST), and freezing of gait (NFOGQ).
Results Home exercise and tai chi demonstrated significant improvements in the MDS-UPDRS Part III scores over 24 weeks. 6 minutes walking test was improved by home exercises, tai chi, and MiniBest was enhanced by strength exercises and yoga. The total duration and forward movement of TUG and turning duration measuring by wearable sensor were markedly improved in yoga group.
Conclusion Our results support that various in adherence and outcomes of exercise have been observed in real-world setting even though effectiveness of exercise is well established. These findings highlighted the importance of tailoring exercise regimens considering individual patients in PD management
- Factors associated with response to exercise in patients with Parkinson's disease
-
Myung Jun Lee, Jinse Park, Dong-Woo Ryu, Dallah Yoo, Sang-Myung Cheon
-
Received March 17, 2025 Accepted May 16, 2025 Published online May 16, 2025
-
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.25068
[Accepted]
-
-
Abstract
PDF
- Introduction
Exercises have been proposed as adjuvants for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, responses to exercise interventions have shown inconsistent results. We investigated clinical factors associated with improvements in motor deficits after exercise.
Methods 85 PD patients were enrolled from five tertiary hospitals and classified into four exercise groups: home exercises, strength training, Tai Chi, and yoga. Clinical measurements of the motor and non-motor features of PD were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks after the exercise intervention. We employed principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce variables into ten factors and then examined associations of baseline characteristics with percentage improvement in the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III (MDS-UPDRS III) using the Bayesian regression model.
Results In the multivariate Bayesian regression model including ten PCA-driven factors, the percentage improvement of the MDS-UPDRS III was associated with factors including prominent motor deficits (posterior interval; mean ± SD, – 3.9 ± 1.7) and non-motor symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and subjective memory impairment (2.5 ± 1.5). Another factor related to functional impairments in gait and postural control was associated with less improvement after the exercise intervention (3.3 ± 1.7). In the subgroup analyses, motor features were associated with improvement in the home exercise and strength training groups, whereas mood disturbance, fatigue, and subjective cognitive impairment were related to changes in the home exercise and Tai Chi groups.
Conclusions Our results suggest that individual phenotypes of PD patients may be associated with clinical improvement following exercise.
|