- Functional Movement Disorders: Updates and Clinical Overview
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Jung E Park
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J Mov Disord. 2024;17(3):251-261. Published online July 1, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.24126
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- Functional movement disorder (FMD) is a type of functional neurological disorder that is common but often difficult to diagnose or manage. FMD can present as various phenotypes, including tremor, dystonia, myoclonus, gait disorders, and parkinsonism. Conducting a clinical examination appropriate for assessing a patient with suspected FMD is important, and various diagnostic testing maneuvers may also be helpful. Treatment involving a multidisciplinary team, either outpatient or inpatient, has been found to be most effective. Examples of such treatment protocols are also discussed in this review. While recognition and understanding of the disorder has improved over the past few decades, as well as the development of treatments, it is not uncommon for patients and physicians to continue to experience various difficulties when dealing with this disorder. In this review, I provide a practical overview of FMD and discuss how the clinical encounter itself can play a role in patients’ acceptance of the diagnosis. Recent neuroimaging studies that aid in understanding the pathophysiology are also discussed.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Reduced microstructural white matter integrity is associated with the severity of physical symptoms in functional neurological disorder
Nicolas Gninenko, Eliane Müller, Selma Aybek
NeuroImage: Clinical.2025; 46: 103791. CrossRef - Clinical insights into movement disorders in children: A review of etiology, diagnosis, and treatment options
Aron Christy, Ramya A
IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics and Oncology.2024; 10(4): 103. CrossRef
- Tremor in a Bassoonist: Tremor in Dystonia or Essential Tremor?
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Jung E Park, Vesper Fe Marie L. Ramos, Mark Hallett
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J Mov Disord. 2016;9(2):124-125. Published online March 2, 2016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.15054
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 Supplementary Material
- The Problem of Functional
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Jung E Park
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J Mov Disord. 2016;9(1):53-54. Published online December 3, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.15044
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